p-NITROBENZOYL CHLORIDE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO. 122-04-3

p-NITROBENZOYL CHLORIDE

EINECS NO.

 204-517-4
FORMULA O2NC6H4COCl
MOL WT. 185.57
H.S. CODE

2916.39
TOXICITY Oral rat LD50: 5600 mg/kg
SYNONYMS 4-Nitrobenzoic acid chloride; p-Nitrobenzoic acid chloride;
4-Nitrobenzoylchloride;
PRICE

 

CLASSIFICATION

 

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE yellow crystal
MELTING POINT 75 C
BOILING POINT 202 - 205
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

 
SOLUBILITY IN WATER

Decomposes
pH  
VAPOR DENSITY 6.4

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 

NFPA RATINGS

 Health: 3; Flammability: ; Reactivity: 0

AUTOIGNITION

 

FLASH POINT

102
STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions but moisture sensitive

APPLICATIONS
Nitro- is the prefix indicating presence of the group -NO2. Historically They are abundant in dyes and explosives. Nitro compounds, organic hydrocarbons having one or more NO2 groups bonded via nitrogen to the carbon framework, are versatile intermediate in organic synthesis of; 
  • Michael addition
  • Reduction
  • Henry Reaction (Nitro-aldol reaction)
  • Nef reaction
  • O-Alkylation
  • Cycloaddition
  • Substitution, Elimination, Conversion reaction
  • Alkylation, Acylation, and Halogenation
SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

 yellow crystal
CONTENT

98.0% min

MELTING POINT

72 C min
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 25kgs in Bag
HAZARD CLASS 8
UN NO. 3261 or 1759
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF BENZOYL CHLORIDE
Acyl is a radical formed from an organic acid by removal of a hydroxyl group. The general formula of acyl compound is RCO-. Acyl halide is one of a large group of organic substances containing the halocarbonyl group, have the general formula RCO·X, where X is a halogen atom (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine) and R may be aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic, and H etc. In substitutive chemical nomenclature, their names are formed by adding '-oyl' as a suffix to the name of the parent compound; ethanoyl chloride, CH3COCl, is an example. The terms acyl and aroyl halides refer to aliphatic or aromatic derivatives, respectively. Acyl halides are made by replacing the -OH group in carboxylic acids by halogen using halogenating agents. They react readily with water, alcohols, and amines and are widely used in organic synthetic process whereby the acyl group is incorporated into the target molecules by substitution of addition-elimination sequence called acylation reaction.  Acylation reaction involves substitution by an electron donor (nucleophile) at the electrophilic carbonyl group (C=O). Common nucleophiles in the acylation reaction are aliphatic and aromatic alcohols, both of which give rise to esters and amines (RNH2) which give amides. The carboxylic acid (X = OH) itself can function as an acylating agent when it is protonated by a strong acid catalyst as in the direct esterification of an alcohol. Two common acylation agents, with the general formula RCOX, are acid halides (X = halogen atom) and anhydrides (X = OCOR). Schotten-Baumann reaction is an acylation reaction that uses an acid chloride in the presence of dilute alkali to acylate the hydroxyl and amino group of organic compounds. There are also other acylating agents. Benzoyl Chloride belongs to acyl halides. Acyl halides are involved in acetylation process which introduce an acetyl group (CH3CO-) into compounds. Benzoyl Chloride decomposes violently by heating or on exposure to moist air or water. It reacts violently with strong oxidants, metals (especially iron), alkali and earth alkali metals, bases and wide range of organic substances such as amines, dimethyl sulfoxide and alcohols. The reactions cause fire and explosion hazard. It is used to introduce benzenecarbonyl groups into compounds. Typical reactions undergone by benzoyl chloride are the Schotten-Baumman reaction (the benzoylation of compounds containing a hydrogen), and the Friedel-Crafts reactions (preparation of substituted benzophenones). It is used in manufacturing peroxides such as a benzoyl peroxide and t-butyl perbenzoate. It is also used in the synthesis of benzophenone and its derivatives used in manufacturing pesticides, pharmaceuticals, perfume fixative, polymerization catalyst, benzolating agents, and dyestuffs.